Abstract Background: Self-regulated professions such as medicine are characterized by professional commitment to the public they serve and require life-long development of expected skills. There is a paucity of data regarding quality of training during residency in anesthesiology. The objective of this study was to create an instrument to assess the anesthesiologists’ perception regarding the quality of their training during medical residency. Methods: An electronic questionnaire was sent to 120 anesthesiologists, assuming 15% response rate for worst case scenario, considering a number of 613 potential respondents. The answers to the questionnaire were submitted to psychometric evaluation through internal consistency analysis measured by the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and factorial analysis by the principal components’ method with varimax rotation method with Kaiser normalization. The level of Concordance (C) and Disaccord (D) of each item were compared byz tests (consensus if p < 0.05). A question asking the respondents if they would recommend their training center to a relative or a friend was added to the questionnaire and considered as a secondary outcome. Results: One hundred and one responses were obtained. The Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.86, suggesting good reliability of the questionnaire. The initial analysis including all the 14 items presented on the questionnaire demonstrated that four components obeyed the Kaiser criterion, depicting 68.20% of variance. Consensus was achieved among participants regarding all items of the questionnaire. The medical residency in anesthesiology was recommended by 93% of the participants. Preceptors were considered role-models by 83% of the participants. Acquisition of practical skills was better evaluated in comparison to other areas. Conclusion: The questionnaire effectively characterized the perception of anesthesiologists regarding the quality of their training during medical residency. The information produced by this instrument could provide interesting clues on the quality of residency programs, pointing out areas of education that need more attention.

Abstract Introduction Temporal bone anatomy is complex and demands a profound anatomical knowledge. Association between surgery and imaging helps in the process of learning three-dimensional (3D) anatomy and surgical techniques. High definition temporal bone imaging can play an important role in dissection training. Objective To describe a computed tomography (CT) image-guided temporal bone dissection course for surgical training in otolaryngology and to verify the satisfaction level of the students with the course. Methods Descriptive research. The course took place at a research laboratory, with three experienced temporal bone surgeons. The participants were 12 otolaryngology residents. The laboratory has 7 modern workstations with microscope and monitors linked with a computerized video system. Cadaveric temporal bones were donated to the university. Imaging acquisition of the cadaveric temporal bones used in the course was performed in a multislice CT scanner. The CT images of cadaveric temporal bones were available with real-time access on the laboratory monitor’s screens during dissections. Results A total of 13 temporal bones were included for dissection. Students had the opportunity to view on the same screen, simultaneously, both the dissection video and the respective CT images of their temporal bone anatomical specimens. This allowed correlating surgical and imaging aspects of temporal bone anatomy. At the end of the course, participants answered a satisfaction survey. Conclusion Considering imaging methods are routinely used during most otologic surgeries, detailed knowledge of CT imaging should be explored in conjunction with the temporal bone anatomical dissection.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a influência da escolaridade e do grau de parentesco na decisão familiar pela doação de córneas para transplantes. Método: desenho quantitativo, transversal e retrospectivo com amostra composta por 291 fichas das entrevistas realizadas com familiares de potenciais doadores de córneas de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2017 de um hospital público, geral e de grande porte localizado no município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Resultados: entre os potenciais doadores deste tecido, 53,3% são do sexo masculino com idade média de 57 anos (57±11); 55,7% são casados e o turno mais frequente da ocorrência do óbito é o noturno com 29,6% dos casos. Em relação à decisão familiar, 60,8% dos entrevistados decidiram favoravelmente à doação. Existe associação entre doação e turno da entrevista, sendo a madrugada o menos favorável (p=0,04). O tempo médio entre o óbito e a realização da entrevista é de 1:39 (±1:20) e não influenciou na decisão familiar (p=0,63). Dos familiares entrevistados, 58,8% são do sexo feminino e 53,3% são descendentes do potencial doador. O parentesco descendente decide sobre a doação com maior frequência do que ascendentes, laterais ou cônjuges. A faixa etária do familiar entrevistado (41±13) tem diferença estatística em relação a do potencial doador. Há diferença entre decisão de doação e nível de escolaridade (p=0,03) sendo que familiares com maior escolaridade decidem com maior frequência favoravelmente a doação. Conclusões: escolaridade do familiar, grau de parentesco e turno da entrevista influenciam na decisão positiva para a doação de córneas para transplantes.

Abstract Objective: analyzing the influence of schooling and kinship on families’ decision to donate corneas for transplants. Method: quantitative, cross-sectional and retrospective study whose sample comprised 291 records of interviews conducted with family members of potential corneal donors from January 2015 to December 2017, who were treated in a public, general and large-sized hospital in Porto Alegre City, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Results: 53.3% of the potential corneal donors were male at mean age of 57 years (57 ± 11); 55.7% were married and 29.6% of them died during the night shift, which was the shift when death took place more often. With respect to families’ decision, 60.8% of interviewees decided for donation. There was association between donation and interview shift; dawn was the least favorable time (p = 0.04). The mean time between patients’ death and the interview with family members was 1:39 (± 1: 20) and it did not influence families’ decision (p = 0.63). Among the interviewed family members, 58.8% were women and 53.3% were descendants of the potential donor. Descendants decide about the donation more often than ascendants, siblings or spouses. The age group of the interviewed family members (41 ± 13) was statistically different from that of potential donors. There was association between schooling and decision to donate (p = 0.03); family members with higher schooling were more often favorable towards donation. Conclusions: Family members’ schooling, degree of kinship and interview shift had positive influence on individuals’ decision to donate corneal tissue for transplants.